Piping system for concrete ships and tankers.



` E. L. HEIDENREICH. PIPING SYSTEM FOR CONCRETE SHIPS AND TANKERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.29. ISIS.

Patented May 6, 1919.

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E. L. HEIDENREICH. PIPING SYSTEM fon vCONCRETE SHIPS AND TANKERS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2.9, |918.

Patented May 6, 1919.

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Urrnn STATES maar @FFME PIIING SYSTEM FOR CONCRETE SHIPS .AND TANKERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ll/fay 6, 1912.

Application led August 29, 1918. Serial No. 251,879.

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, EYVIND LEE HEIDEN- REICH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new Aand useful Improvements in Piping Systems for Concrete Ships and Tankers, of which the following is the specification.

This invention relates to a piping system and more particularly for use in concrete ships andv tankers.

Among the objects of my invention is to provide an improved arrangement for introducing oilI or the like to the interior of concrete ships and tankers and for removing the same therefrom; further to provide a piping system of such nature and arrange ment as to entirely eliminate the necessity of piercing the bulk-heads between the tanks; further to locate the discharge pipes in the concrete of the keelson either along the central portion of the vessel or at either side thereof, and to connect these pipes to one or more pumps `of suitable construction to pump either way whereby when pumping one way they may be used to discharge the liquid contents of the tanks and when pumping in the reverse direction may be used to fill the same; further to embed the pipes in the body of the concrete whereby the concrete and the pipes will expand and contract substantially together; further to eliminate any necessity of repairs to the pipes; further to generally-improve the construction of oil tankers; and such further objects, advantages and capabilities as will later more fully appear.

My invention further resides in the combination, construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and while I have shown therein a preferred embodimentof my invention, I desire it to be understood that the same is susceptible of modication and change without departing from thel spirit of my invention- Referring to the drawings: i 2

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the hull of a concrete ship embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal transverse section through Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view. taken through the plane of the embedded pipes in the bottom of the hull.

Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section of the hull taken through the pump room.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical section taken through aportion of thc pump room and the adjacent coffer dam.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary transversevertical section through the bottom of thehull showing a modified form of Vmy invention.

Fig. 7 is avertical transverse section showing a further modification.

W'hile my l invention in its broad sense would be capable of use in connection with any group of tanks, whether stationary or movable, I have illustrated the same in con nection with a concrete 'ship or tanker, in which connection it would have its greatest use.

Referring -to the drawings:

1 designates the yhull of a reinforced concrete ship which `is formed with a plurality of compartments l, 2', 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, adapted to receive liquid cargo, such as oil and the like as well as other Vforms of cargo `when desired. Along each side of the hull are formed the further compartments 11 and 12, lying between the first mentioned compartments and the side of the hull. Just forward of the compartments 9 and 10 and immediately adjacent theretol is the coHer-dam 13,.,while in the rear of and adjacent to compartments 1 and 2 is a simi lar coii'endam 14. Just to therear of the coiier-dam 14A is the pump room 15 shown in transverse cross section in Fig. 4. The engine room 16 lies just to the rear of the pump room 15. Y Referring to Figs. 3 to 7, itwill be seen that there is formed along the central portion of the bottom kof the `hull the -keelson 17, within which keelsonis embedded a plurality of pipes 18 and 19 respectively, lying on each side of the center line. As will be seen in Figs. 2 and 3, these pipes are lof sucient length to lead into the bottom portion of the compartments 1 to 10 respectively, each pipe at the end where it enters -the compartment being provided with a transverse bend emerging from the concrete ofthe keelson in which the pipes are embedded, and which end is provided with a suitable screen or the -like to prevent the entry of trash or other foreign matter into the pipes. As will be noted the width of the keelson can be decreased successively at those portions just beyond wherethe pipes respectively terminate. The vpipes 18 and 19 at their vopposite end lead into the suction manifolds 20 and 21 respectively,

which suction manifolds are connected with each other so either' pump may be used and furtherin a suitable manner and by suitable piping with the pumps locat-ed in the pump room. These pumps may be of any desired nature, such for example as rotary or reciprocating, electric, ste-am or otherwise, the essential requirement being that the `pump be of such nature that it can pump either way, that is, `force liquid through the pipes 18 Land 19 in a direction either to lill the liquid containing compartments with the liquid cargo, or lWhen desired to reverse the directionof How in order to empty these compartments vand discharge the liquid cargo to the desired destination outside of the ship. Suitable valves Will be provided for thepiping system and may have handles of short length as indicated in Fig. 4f, or these handles may, if desired, be provided with stems of suliicient length to be operated from the deck.

Suitablepipes may also be. embedded in the concrete and made to connect with the lower portion of the Cotter-dams 13 and 14, as illustrated in Fig. 2, these latter pipes being operated b y suitable independent pumps, if desired. The arrangement of the pipes A18 and 19 embedded in the concrete of the keelson may be seen lin cross section in Fig. G, in which view may also be seen the laterally projectingends 22 of thepipes Where they enteimthe lower portions of the various compartments. As seen in Fig. G, there may, if desired, be provided between the bottom of the compartments 1 to 10, and the bottom ofthehu-ll, the spaces 23 and 211, which spaces when the compartments are to be used 'for liquid cargo, such as oil and the like will be in communication with the compartments 1 to 10 by means of the openings 25 and 2G, whereby the oil or other liquid cargo may fill the entire bottom. space, as Well as the main portion of the compartments, and which compartments may readily be emptied by lthe ypipes 1S and 19. IIo\vever, When-itis desiredto usemy improved piping system on ships, in connection With compartments intended for use in receiving solid cargo, the floor 27 of the compartment will be imperforate and have proif'id'ed there beneath the space 28, in connnunication with which latter space are the open ends of the pipes 18 and 19, in which event they would be used for the removal of bilge Water, ballast or the like Vfrom the spaces 28. When using the compartments for solid cargo, hatchivays 29 and 3() will be provided. Should it be desired yto use these compartments for liquid these hatchways could be ei'ectivelylsealed up and apertures provided. in the floor 27 whereby to permit communication With theends of the pipes 18 and 19. If desired theliquid receiving compartments may .have `an upwardly `entendi'.ng lportalen such as illustrated at 31 in Fig. 7, which portion would act as an expansion tank and prevent hamn'iering of theliquid Within the compartments.

vIt is also to be understood that instead of confining pipes 1S and 19 to the keelson in `the central portion of the bottom they may,

if desired, beembedded in the longitudinal ribs 32, 33 located on each side of the bottom, and spaced from the keelson. In the latter case the arrangement of the pipes would be similar to that described above, that is at least one pipe would lead to the bottom of each compartment, or Were the compartment intended only for solid cargo to the space containing` the bilge Water or ballast.

While it has not been thought necessary to go into detailin connection with the piping system .leading from the suction manifolds to the pumps, it vvill however, be pointed out thatthe'pipes 34 are the suction` pipes leading to tliepump, and 35 designates the discharge pipes connected to the pumps, and extending upward as at 3G to the exterior of the vessel for loading and discharging-pun poses.

While Fig. 6 illustratesonly a portion of the bottom of the hull itis toibe understood that the upper portion may if desired be so constructed thatthe side spaces '11 and 12 Will extend upwardly beyond the between deck l0 to form the expansion spaces 31 for the prevention of hammering of the'liquid in the compartments after the `manner described in connection with Fig. 7.

It ivill be seen that I have provided a piping system that eliminates the undesirable feature heretofore necessary ofpiercing the Walls and bulkheads of the liquid receiving compartments, and further so arranges the pipes in relation to the concrete that the concrete and the pipes will expand and contract together thus greatly prolonging the life of the pipes andfeliminating thenccessity of repairs thereto.

Having new described my invention I claim:

1. In a concrete vessel aplurality of liquid containing compartments, a plurality of pipes embedded in the concrete, each of said pipes entering a compartment.

2. In a concrete vessel a plurality of liquid containing compartments, a. plurality of pipes embedded in the concrete, each of said pipes entering a compartment adjacent the bottom thereof.

3. In a concrete vessel a plurality ofliquid containing n compartments, a plurality" of pipes embedded in the concrete, eachof said pipes entering a compartment adjacent the bottomv thereof, and means to .pump liquid through said ,pipes either Yto fill said compartment er to empty the same as desired.

4. In a. concrete structure ,a .plurality ef liquid containing compartments, an enlarged concrete portion extending along said compartments adjacent the bottom, a plurality of pipes embedded in said enlarged portion, each of said pipes entering one of said compartments without piercing any of its bulkheads.

5. In a concrete structure a plurality of bulkheads defining a plurality of compart` ments adapted to contain liquid, an enlarged concrete portion extending along said compartments adjacent the bottom, a plurality of pipes embedded in said enlarged portion and successively leading into said compartments and means connected with said pipes to pump liquid therethrough to fill or discharge said compartments as desired.

6. In a concrete oil tanker a plurality of bulkheads defining compartments adapted to contain liquid, and means for enabling pipes to communicate with said compartments without piercing said bulkheads, said means comprising an enlarged portion extending along said compartments and having a plu- I rality of longitudinally extending pipes em bedded therein, each of said pipes transversely emerging from said enlarged portion and entering a compartment whereby liquid may be pumped therefrom or thereinto.

7. In a concrete tank for containing oil or the like a bottom, a plurality of walls defining a plurality of compartments, and a plurality of pipes embedded in said bottom, said pipes successively entering said compartments, whereby to eliminate any necessity of said pipes piercing any of said walls.

S. In a concrete ship a bottom, a plurality of bulkhead walls defining a plurality of compartments adapted to contain liquid, a pump, each of said compartments being connected with said pump by a pipe, said pipes extending through said bottom whereby to eliminate piercing any of said bulkhead walls.

9. In a concrete ship a plurality of bulkhead walls defining a plurality of compartments adapted to contain liquid cargo, a keelson, and a piping system embedded in said keelson, the pipes of said system connecting with said compartments adjacent their bottom whereby to eliminate the necessity of piercing said walls, and means to force said liquid cargo through said pipes.

IO. In a concrete oil tanker, a plurality of bulkhead walls dening compartments adapted to contain oil or the like, a bottom, a strengthening rib extending along said bottom and connecting said compartments, and a piping system embedded in said rib, the pipes of said system vextending transversely from said rib into said compartments and connected with a pump whereby said compartments may be charged or discharged as desired.

11. In a reinforced concrete ship a bottom, a plurality of compartments adapted to contain either solid or liquid Cargo, a space between said bottom and the bottom of said compartments, an opening connecting each of said compartments with said space, a concrete rib along said ship bottom and a piping system embedded insaid rib and communieating with said space whereby said compartments when used for liquid may be charged and discharged through said pipes and when used for solid cargo said pipes may be used to remove bilge water from said space.

12. In a reinforced concrete ship a pump room, a plurality of bulkhead walls deiining compartments adapted to contain liquid cargo, and a piping system embedded in the concrete of said ship and arranged to com municate with each of said compartments without piercing any of said bulkhead walls.

13. In a reinforced concrete ship adapted to contain liquid cargo a piping system for conveying said liquid cargo to or from the ship, the pipes of said system being embedded in the concrete whereby the pipes and concrete will expand or contract together, and said pipes will not be racked or distorted by movements of the ship.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name to this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

EYVIND LEE I-IEIDENREICH.

Witnesses:

HELEN X. KELLAR. LYDIA A. BERGER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

